The century-long history of pop music is full of breakthrough moments for female performers. Sometimes it’s a moment in the spotlight, like the emergence of mighty voices like Aretha Franklin or Joni Mitchell. Sometimes it’s in the shadows, as in Mo Tucker drumming with the Velvet Underground or the Chantels getting it together in high school. Here’s a timeline of some of these breakthroughs, from Bessie Smith to Adele.

By Rob Sheffield

Related
• Rolling Stone's Women Who Rock: Playlist of Essential Tracks From the 50 Greatest Albums
• You Decide: Which Woman Will Rock Rolling Stone?
• Watch: Rock & Roll Style Files
• Rock Star Style Tips and Tricks